Lock



G. F. MAYER Nov. 17 1925- LOCK Filed May 31, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet; 1

Nov. 17, 1925. 1,562,357

7 a. F. MAYER LOCK 7 Filed May 31, 19237 3 St zeets-Sheet 2 F .42. 61

I z 18 M fi /l 3 v f;ZT 7 Z' i '3 65 I II"; -2 52 54z 5 J 24 CIR Patented Nov. 17, 1925.

UNITED STATES GEORGE MAYER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

Look.

Application filed May 31., 1923. Serial No. 642,389.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE F. MAYER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following. is a specification. I

My invention relates to looks and has particular reference to a keyless lock maps ed primarily for the fastening of doors and the like and in which selective operative means areprovided extending to the outer side-of the door by means of which any one familiar with the particular combination is able to open the lock, and whichalso has a common operating means extending to the inner portion of the door so that the lock ing means canbe released for opening the door from the inside. I I I Another object of my invention is the provision of a keyless lock which is eX- tremely;si1nple in operation and operates quickly and easily by one familiar with the particularly selective operative means 5 employed for unlocking the boltor which can be made more secure through the opera lock is bolted in, position by'means of the lockin g tumb'lers and also which when tampered with by any one unfamiliar with the particular combination of selective operating parts succeeds in placing additional locking tumblers in the path of the locking bolt so the lock is more securely fastened in position. I I

Another object of my invention is the provision of a keyless lock which is simple in operation and which has its selective operating parts so arranged that they may be changed at will so that an infinite number of combinations can be arranged for unlock ing the look if desired.

Another and further object of my invention is the prbvision of a lock which after being locked in position from the inside of the door by the common locking means, can be securely fastened against operation from the outside by locking the selective means and which performs the function of a night lock in addition to its ordinary locking function and which serves to securely lock the selective operating means against operation by any one on the outside-of the door. I I

These and other objects of my invention will be more fully and better understood by tumblers in position;

reference to the accompanying sheets of drawings, and in which- I igure 1 is a vertical elevational view of a section of a door showing theselective operative means extending, therethro-ugh; I

Figure 2 is a vverticaleleivational view of the rear portion of a lockshowi ngthecom- 111011 tumbler operating means and alsolthe selective locking member projecting there- -Q gh; i, to

igure v3 :is a I vertical sectional. view through a door showing myi-IhtfiIOVd lock in positionin adoor; I I I II F'gure 4 is a-plan viewpmnny in section showing the locking bolt and looking I Figure 5 is a transverse vertical sectional view on line 55 of Figure 4; I I

Figure 6 is a transverse vertical sectional view on line 66 of Figure 4; y I

Figure 7 is a transverse sectional view on line 77 of Figure 4; I I

Figure 8 is a transverse vertical sectional view on line 8 8'of Figure 4; T

Figure 9 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view on line 9'9 of Figure 4; tion of the said selective means after the Figure 10 is a' perspective view of one of the locking tumblers hereinafter designated as aclas's A tumbler;

Figure-llis a; perspective view of one of the tumblers hereinafter designated as a class B tumbler; I I a Figure 12 is aperspective view of one of the tumblers hereinafter designated as a class C tumbler; I I I Figure 13 is a-perspective view of the locking bolt LI Figure 14 is a perspective view of the outercend of thelocking bolt operating bar; and

Figure 15 is a perspective view of the inner end of the locking bolt operating bar.

Referring now specifically to the drawings; and in which like reference characters refer to. like parts throughout, a section of a door 10 is shown having the usual latching mechanism 11 mounted therein operated by an inner knob lQ-and an outer knob 13, which form no part of my present invention, and having a lock casing designated as a whole as 14 mounted therein and which has an inner plate 15 an d an outer plate 16 secured to thedoor in the usual manner, the outer plate 16 having a pluralityfof openings 17 17 thereinthrough which the outer ends of the selective tumbler operating plates hereinafter described project. Referring now to the lock designated as a whole as 14, I provide an upper casing 18 rectangular in shape, and a lower casing 19 also rectangular in shape, the upper casing having an ear 20 secured thereto by means of which the said lock is fastened to the door 10 by means of a screw 21 when placed permanently in position upon the door. The upper casing 18 may be secured to the lower casing 19 in any approved manner by being hinged thereto by a pair of pivotally mounted straps or hooks 22, 22 pivotally secured to the upper casing 18 and engaging upon screws '23, 23 secured to the lower casing 19 of the lock. The upper casing 18 of the lock has mounted therein a plurality of selective sliding operating plates 24, 24,

each of which pass through the forward wall 25' of the casing 18 and have round inner portions 26, the forward ends of which project through a tranversely extending wall 27 intermediate the side members 25 and 28 of the casing 18 of the lock.

Mounted between the walls 25 and 27 upon the round portions 26 of'the plates 24 is a plurality of coiled compression springs 29 which perform the function of holding the tumbler operating plates 24 in their outward position except when pressure is applied thereto. Each of the plates 24 has a downwardly extending arm 30 integrally formed therewith and which extends downwardly into the lower casing 19 of the lock and behind the sliding locking tumblers,

which will be described hereinafter, these '32,the push button 32 having a member 34 on the inner end thereof with a collar 35' secured to the shaft 36 of the push button and which has a shoulder 37 thereon, so that when the push button 32 is pushed in .ward the plate .31 abuts against the inner end of the shaft portions 26 of the members 24 and is locked in this position by pushing the button to one side or the other so the shoulder 37 engages against the inner side of the plate 28 and the end of the member 35 is in engagement with the wall 28, thus effectively locking the lever 24 against movement and forming in effect a night lock and preventing any one from operating the locking bolt by means of the push levers 24.

The lower casing 19 is composed of a U- V shaped member having upstanding end portions 38 and 39 with a bottom portion 40, integrally formed with the said end portions 38 and 39, the said end portions being inturned at the sides to form retaining members 41 for the ends of the side members 42 and 43, thus forming a rectangular shaped open topped casing within which the locking bolt, locking bar and tumblers are contained, as will be more fully described hereinafter. Centrally positioned with respect to the lower casing 19 is a longitudinally extending locking bar 44 having a plurality of upstanding spaced teeth 45, 45, therein, the teeth extending in longitudinal rows on each side of a longitudinally extending channel 46 formed in the locking bar 44 between the teeth 45, 45 and within which is positioned a locking bolt 47, the locking bolt 47 also having a plurality of upstanding teeth 48 thereon and which is adapted to slide in longitudinal movement in the channel 46 and between the rows of teeth 45, 45. The member 47 has an outwardly projecting end 48 which is adapted to abut against the rear end of a lock stem 49 having a button 50 positioned thereon, the lock stem having a locking member 51 on the outer end thereof. A U-shaped member 52 is secured to the door casing within which a compression spring 53 is mounted, one end of which abuts against a collar 54 and is secured to the member 49 so that the expansive force of the spring is exerted against the member 48 and serves to withdraw the latch 51 from the usual latch opening in the side of the door facing unless held in locked relation by means of the looking bolt 47, as will be more fully described hereinafter.

The member 44 is supported upon filler blocks 55, 55, upon the bottom 40 of the lower casing 19 of the lock, and has screws 56, 56 extending into the said filler blocks and which secures a plate 57 to the bottom.

40, spacers 58, 58 being provided-between the plate 57 and bottom 40 forms a housing for a locking bolt operating member designated as a whole as 59 and which is composed of an outer member 60 and an inner member 61 illustrated in detail in Figures 14 and 15. The locking bolt 47 has a downwardly extending portion 62having a square opening 63 therein through which the shank 64 on the member 60 extends, the said shank 64 also extending between the portions 65 and 66 of the member 61, the said member 62 also extending downwardlv through a slot 67 formed in the locking bar 44 and also through slots 68 and 69 formed in the members 57 and 40 respectively. The member 60 has a pair of side portions 70 and 71 against which the ends of the member 65 and 66 abut during the normal opera tion of the lock and has a channel 72 formed therein within which the outer side wall member 42 is seated. The member 61 has a recessed portion 7 3 in the upper face thereof with an inwardly extending end portion 74 which is spacedupwardly a short distance from the upper edges or the members 65 and 66 forming a recess within which the casing 43 is adapted to be seated, the member 61- being capable of inwardand outward movement for purposes of operating the locking bolt from the inside of the door. V

Centrally mounted at the rearof the easing 19 upon a shaft and extending longitudinallv of thecasing 19 for its entire length is a wing member 76, the said shaft 75 being mounted inblocks 77 and 78 in recesses formed in posts 77 and 78 in each end of the casing 1.9 and oneach side of the locking bar 44. At the front of the casing 19 and extending longitudinally thereofisasecond shaft'79 mounted in a pair of sliding blocks 80 and 81 which in turn fit into recesses formedin stationary blocks 82 at each end o'f'the member 19, the said shaft 79 having a pair of pivotally mounted wings 83 and 84 mounted-thereon which form a:

part of the tumbler operating mechanism for controllingthe sliding locking bolt 47 relative to the locking bar 44.

The locking and unlocking of the lock ing bolt 47 with respect to the locking bar 44 is accomplished by means of a plurality of sliding tumblerswhich extend transversely of the locking bar 44 between the'teeth '45, 45, designated as a'whole as 85, 85-, these tumblers comprising three classes which, for eonvenience, will be designated as an'A, or a locking tumbler, illustrated 'in detail in FigureIO, a B tumbler, illustrated'in detail in Figure 11, and a C'tumbler, illustrated in detail in Figure 12. The A or looking tumbler has a locking portion 86 with-a notch 87 on one side thereof, with a down-turned portion 88 at one end thereof and a similar down-turnedportion 89 at the opposite end thereof, this tumbler being placed at any desired position between the teeth 45, 45 on the member 44 and extending transversely there-across with the down-turned portion 89 of the A tumbler engaging the upper edge of the wing 83 with the oppositeend of this tumbler extendingbeyond and riding upon the upper edge of the wing 7 6, illustrated particularly in detail; in Figure 6, wherein the A tumbler is shown in normally locked position. Extending longitudinally of the casing 19 at the rear portion thereof is a spring mounted plate 90 carried by a plate 91 having posts 92, 92 mounted therein and around which expansion springs 93, are positioned so that the force of the 'springs'93is exerted inwardlyagainst the plate 90 which slides upon the posts 92 and which is prevented from becoming disengaged from the said posts by headsformed thereon and whichholds the lockingportion 86 of the A tumbler between a pair of teeth 48' on the locking bolt 47 in the normal op-.

eration of the device, and until'releas'ed'by a movement of a locking plate 24 at the front or a moi'ement ofthe locking bolt 61 at the rear, 'so that this tumbler is always held in normally locked positionuntil released by an inward move ent"transmitted to the locking tumbler through the medium A tumbler, hereinabovedescribed, I provide a C tumbler, illustrated in detail 'in Figure 1.2,and which comprises a transversely eX- tending portion 94 having a-notch 95 there'- in and a locking portion 96 with a downstanding leg portion 97 whiche-Xtends into sliding engagement with the bottom member 40, as illustrated in Figure 5, and in which this tumbler is shown in normally unlocked position, and under thecontrol also of one I of the push plates 24 in'the-same manner as has been hereto-fore described with respect to the A or looking tumbler. The

purpose of this tumbler is,='as; stated above, toprovide additional locking means, and is operated by pushing upon the selective push plate 24 which the operator knows is connected-to this tumbler, and which has the elfeet of pushing the locking portion 96 into the path of the teeth 48 in the looking bolt 47, where the Ctuinbler remains and serves as anadditional locking element for the locking bolt'47 until released by the operator by pushing the proper selective keys from the outside, or'the push button from the inside, which 'operati'on'will be described in detail hereinafter.

It will be noted that the upper edge of the wing S3 is engaged inthe notch 95 in the lower portion of the C tumbler. The

' C tumbler also serves the 7 function of preventlngthe unlocking of the device by push- 1 'ing the push plates promiscuously by any one not knowing the proper selective plates to use in unlocking the locking bolt 47 and has the effect of pushing the G tumbler into locked relation, thusserving to more securely fasten the locking bolt 47 in locked relation;

For the purpose of controlling the G tuni bler and bringing it into unlocked pos'iti-on, I provide-a sliding -13 tumbler, illustrated in detail in Figure 11, and shown particularly in combination in the lock in Figure 7, this tumbler having a body portion 98 and an elongated leg portion 99 extending downwardly and ordinarily in sliding engagement with the bottom member of 'the member 19, and having a pair'of downwardly projecting portions 100 and 101 with a channel 102 formed therebetween through which the teeth 48 on the sliding bolt l7 move in normally unlocked relation with this tumbler.

'- It will be noted that the leg portion 99 extends over the wing 83 on the outside thereofto the bottom member 40 and in position to engage the wing 83 at the bottom thereof. When the C tumbler (see Figure 5), is pushed into locked relation the wing 83 is turned into an angular position instead of vertical, as illustrated in Figure 5, so that when the C tumbler is in locked relation the wing 83 is engaged in the notch 95 and therefore in order that this tumbler may be brought into unlocked relation it is necessary to bring it back into the position shown in Figure 5. This is accomplished by the operator making a proper selection of the sliding plates 24: controlling the B tumbler which, when pushed in, has the effect, because of the leg portion 99 en gaging against the lower portion of the wing 83, of bringing the C tumbler back into the position shown in Figure 5, or into an unlocked position, so that the locking bolt is released by the operator pressing upon the proper push levers leading to the A or unlocking tumbler.

The unlocking operation heretofore de scribed may be made more complicated by the addition of as many of the locking tumblersas may be desired and the lock thereby becomes more diflicult of operation by any one not having a proper knowledge of the proper combination of push levers to operate, it being understood that any of series B tumblers must be provided for operating the C tumblers and these two tumblers must be connected to the same pivotal wing, but that the operation of the device will always remain the same.

In the illustration (Figure 4), are shown four tumblers of the C type placed in positionover the edge of the wings 83 and 84: with a class B tumbler also shown in" proper position to control the two type C tumblers by engagement with the bottom of the wings 83 and '84 when the push levers controlling these tumblers are operated, and also with two A or locking tumblers also shown in position. These tumblers may be positioned in any manner with respect to the push levers which have been heretofore described and which project through the outer plate 16 with numbers appearing above the combinations so that the device can he properly operated from the outside as long as the B and C tumblers are placed in cooperating relation with each other on the same wing. This same series of tumblers is also shown connected to the wing 84 so that in the look as illustrated there are eight push levers which control the eight sliding tumblers illustrated in Figure 4, and the relation of these tumblers with respect to the selective push levers operating the same may be varied at will.

It will also be understood that upon the operator releasing any push lever connected to theB tumbler, the springs 93 will cause the B tumbler to be returned to unlocked.

position when the push lever is relieved of pressure.

When it is desired by the operator to position the lock in locked position from the outer side of the door, it being assumed that the B and C tumblers are in unlocked position, he presses upon the plate 24; or pair of plates 24:, as the case may be, connected to the locking tumblers A and slides the locking bolt forward by means of the member 60, and thereupon releases the pressure upon the plates controlling the A tumblers which immediately, because of the'pressure of the springs 93, are forced back into locked position, as shown in Figure 6. If the operator desires to lock the bolt further he pushes the plates connected to the sliding tumblers C which are thereupon pushed into locked relation and, upon returning and desiring to unlock the bolt, he first pushes the plates leading to the B tumblers which has the efiect, as heretofore described, of bringing the C tumblers back into unlocked position and thereupon by pushing the selective plates controlling the A tumblers, the locking bolt is thrown back by the spring 53 and the lockunfastened.

It will be noted that extending through the lock on the inner side thereof is, the member 61 which engages against the bot tom of wing 76, at the top of which engages the projections 88 on the A tumblers and at the bottom of which is in position to engage the lower portion of the down-standing legs 97 of the C tumblers. It will therefore be understood that by pushing inwardly upon the member 61 the wing 76 is turned into an angular position and the A tumblers are pulled forward into unlocked position and the C tumblers, if they are in locked position, are pushed backward into unlocked position and if they are not in locked position are not affected in any way by the wing 76, but the bolt 47 is released by the A tumblers, which is thrown back by the spring 53 into unlocked position. Conversely, if it is desired to lock the device from the inside the locking tumblers are aligned by an inward pressure on this member and the locking bolt moved forward and held springs 103 and 1041' positioned between the' blocks 80 and 81 and which allow fora slight-movement of the-side without moving the tumblers in any way, or having any effect upon their operation, which might be possible if these springs were not so employed.

The operation of the device' will be 1111 derstood by those skilledin the art from the foregoingdescriptionand it will be further understoodthat the parts may be duplicated any number o'f-times desired, so as tomake the: operation of the lock more di-fficult by one" not having knowledge of the particular buttons whichcontrol the tumblersand in sequence of their operation, but the description given above will apply to such-repetition of parts; a a I While I have described more-or less precisely the details of construction, I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself thereto, as I contemplate changes in form and theproportionofparts and the substitution of equivalents as" circumstances may "west or render expedient without departing fromthe spirit or scope of my invention.

Iclaim: V

1. A lock-comprising, in combination, a fixed locking bar having a plurality of spaced" teeth thereon, a sliding. locking bar adapted to cooperate with said fixed "bar, a plurality of locking: tumblers and' means associated with said tumblers adaptedto hold the said tumblers innormalljy locked position.

2. A look comprising, in combination, a fixed locking bar having rows of spaced teeth thereon, a sliding locking bar positioned between'the rowsof spaced, teeth and adapted-to cooperate with said fixedfbar, a plurality of locking'tumblers sliding between the teeth on the said fixed bar, and a spring pressed plate-adapted to hold the said tumblersin normally locked position.

3. A look comprising, in combination, a

fixed locking bar having-rows ofspaced teeth projecting upward therefrom, locking tumblers adapted to cooperate with said lock-ing bar, unlocking tumblers carried by said locking bar and means adaptedv to cooperate with. said unlocking tumblers to position said locking tumblers in unlocked position.

t. A look pQIHPrising, in combination, a

fixedlocking bar having rows-of teeth there: i

ing tumblers associated with said locking bar, aplurality of unlocking tumblers and a pivotally mounted wing adapted to form a connection between said unlocking tumblers and said locking tumblers whereby the said unlocking tumblers will move the said 7 locking tumblers into unlocked position.

5. A look comprising, in combination, a

casing, alocking bar fixedlymounted there 1n and having: a plurality of upstanding" projecting teeth thereon, a locking bolt in sliding cooperative relation with said Ilocking bar, apl-urality of locking tumblers extendingacross said locking bar and between said teeth and in engagement with the said locking bolt,.selective operating means for controlling said tumblers from one side of said lock,-an-d common tumbler operating means extending to the other side of said. 100 r.

casing, alocking bar fixedlymounted therein and havinga plurality of vupstanding projecting teeth thereon, a locking bolt. in sliding -.cooperative relation with said look ing bar, a plurality of locking tumblers 'extending across said locking bar and between said teethv and in engagement with the said locking bolt, selective operating means for controlling said tumblers from one side of saidlock, and common tumbler means extending'to the other side of said lock, and independently controlled means adapted to lock said selective operating means against movement. I

7. A lock comprising in combination, a casing, a locking bar'fixedly mounted therein and having a plurality of teeth thereon, a locking bolt in sliding cooperativerelation with said locking bar, locking tumblers extending across said locking bar and between said teeth and 'havingmeans thereon for engagement with said locking bolt, selective 6. A look comprising, in combination, a

tumbler operating means extending to the I outside of said lock controlling said tum.- blers, a locking plate positioned .in abutting relation with said selective tumbler operating means, and means for holding said lockingplate in engagement with said selective tumbler operating means 8. A look comprising, in combination, a casing, a locking bar fixedlymounted therein and having a"plurality of teeth thereon, a lockingvbolt invslidin g cooperative relation with said locking bar, locking-tumblers extendingacross said locking bar and. between said teeth and. having means thereon for engagement-with said locking bolt, selective tumbler operating meansextending to the outside of said lock controlling said tumblers, .a, locking .plate: positioned in abutting relation withsai'd selective tumbler operattor normally holding said locking tumblers in locked relation with said bolt, and selective tumbler operating means adapted to unlock said tumblers.

A look comprising, in combination, a casing, a locking bar fixedly mounted therein and having a plurality of teeth thereon, a locking bolt in sliding cooperative relation with said locking bar, locking tumblers extending across said locking bar and between said'teeth and having means thereon for en gagement with said locking bolt, spring controlled means adapted to normally hold said locking tumblers in locked relation with said bolt, and selective tumbler operating means adapted to unlock said locking tumblers.

11. A look comprising, in combination, a casing, a locking bar fixedly mounted therein and having a. plurality of teeth thereon, a locking bolt in sliding cooperative relation with said locking bar, locking tumblers extending across said locking bar and between said teeth and having means thereon for engagement with said locking bolt, a spring pressed plate adapted to normally hold said locking tumblers in locked relation with said bolt and selective tumbler operating means adapted to unlock said tumblers.

12. A lock comprising, in combination, a casing, a locking bar fixedly mounted therein and having avplurality of teeth thereon, a

locking bolt in sliding cooperative relationv with said locking bar, locking tumblers extending across said locking bar between said teeth and having means thereon for engagement with said locking bolt, a plurality of other tumblers extending across said locking bolt and selective means for controlling said locking tumblers and said second mentioned tumblers.

13. A look comprising, in combination, a casing, a locking bar fixedly mounted therein and having a plurality of teeth thereon, a locking bolt in sliding cooperative relation with said locking bar, locking tumblers extending across said locking bar and in en 'gagement with said locking bolt when in locked position, a second set of locking tumblers extending across said locking bar and held in normally unlocked relation with said locking bolt and a plurality of tumblers adapted to control said second mentioned locking tumblers and selective operating means controlling all of said locking tum-' blers.

' 14. A look comprising, in combination, a casing, a locking bar fixedly mounted therein and having a plurality of teeth thereon, a locking bolt in sliding coopera-' tive relation with said-locking bars, spring compressed lockingv tumblers extendingacross said locking bar and held in locked position with said locking bolt, a second set of locking tumblers normally held out of operative plates for controlling the operation of said tumblers.

15. A lock comprising, in combination, a casing, a locking bar fixedly mounted therein and having a plurality of teeth thereon, a locking bolt in sliding cooperative relation with said locking bar, locking tumblers extending across said locking bar and in normal engagement with said locking bolt, selective operating levers directly controlling the said locking tumblers, a second set of locking tumblers normally out of locked relation with said locking bolt, selective operating plates adapted to move said second tumblers into locked relation with said locking bar and unlocking plates extending across said locking bar and arranged to move said secondmentioned locking tumblers into unlocked relation with said bolt.

16. A look comprising, in combination, a casing, a locking bar fixedly mounted therein and having a plurality of teeth thereon, a locking bolt in sliding cooperativ'e relation with said locking bar, locking tumblers extending across said locking bar and in normal engagement with said looking bolt, a pair of pivotally mounted wing members extending longitudinallyot said lock casing, a second set of locking tumblers in engagement with one of said wings, selective operating plates adapted to push said second mentioned locking tumblers into locked relation with said bolt, unlocking tumblers co-acting with said wing to unlock said second mentioned locking tumblers and selective means for controlling the operation of said unlocking plates,

17. A look comprising, in combination, a casing, a locking bar fixedly mounted thereon and having a plurality of teeth thereon, a locking bar in sliding cooperative relation with said fixed locking bar, locking tumblers extending across said locking bar and in engagement with said locking bolt, a plurality of unlocking tumblers and means connecting said unlocking tumblers with said locking tumblers adapted to collectively po sition all of the locking tumblers in unlocked relation with said locking bolt.

18. A look comprising, in combination, a casing, a locking bar fixedly mounted therein having a plurality of teeth thereon, a locking bolt in sliding cooperative relation with said locking bar having a downwardly extending projection thereon, a two piece operating bar for said locking bolt, a plurality of locking tumblers extending transversely across said locking bar, selec-' the said tumblers from the inside of thev lock.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 28th day of May, 1923.

GEORGE F. MAYER. 

